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How to choose electric bicycle lithium battery ?

Author : Ruiteng E-bike

Update time : 2022-10-05 14:33:04

There are several types of lithium batteries for electric vehicles.
Lithium batteries for electric bicycles are mainly divided into ternary lithium batteries, lithium manganate batteries, and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Different types of batteries use different cathode materials. The ternary lithium battery uses lithium nickel-cobalt manganate or potassium nickel-cobalt chlorate as the ternary cathode material.

The lithium manganate battery uses lithium manganate as the cathode material, and the lithium iron phosphate battery uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material.  In the application scenario, ternary lithium battery and lithium manganate battery is widely used in two-wheel (three-wheel) electric vehicles.  Although the price of lithium iron phosphate battery is cheap , but occupies a large space, so it is more widely used in an electric bus.  So which of these three batteries is better?

Firstly, an acupuncture experiment was carried out on the cell of three kinds of qualified lithium battery products on the market.  Through this experiment, we can simulate the situation of a lithium battery when an internal short circuit occurs.  Through the experiment, we can see that the flash of fire of the ternary lithium battery is everywhere at the moment of acupuncture penetration, while the lithium manganate battery and lithium iron phosphate battery has white smoke rising, but there is no open flame combustion phenomenon.

After that, I did not conduct an extrusion test on the third class battery, and the result was still that the ternary lithium battery caught fire, while the lithium manganate battery and the lithium iron phosphate battery did not catch fire.
So, ternary lithium battery is not as good as lithium manganate battery and lithium iron phosphate battery? Experts said that although the lithium battery has a certain potential fire, in terms of the material itself, lithium manganese acid battery and lithium iron phosphate battery stability is strong, the probability of fire will be much lower than the three yuan lithium battery. So, from a safety point of view, lithium manganate batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries are more stable.

How to choose lithium batteries for electric bicycles?
1)* Select specifications
Let's make sure I don't need any spec lithium batteries for my e-bike.  Two-wheeled electric vehicles are typically 48V, three and four wheels are 60V or 72V.
2)* Select capacity
The range and the size of the motor to determine the capacity of the battery , can be calculated according to this formula: lithium battery voltage * lithium battery capacity/motor wattage * average speed of electric vehicles = range.
3)* Choose big brands
With the popularity of the lithium battery industry, many small enterprises or workshop factories speculate in the industry,

but also lead to lithium battery products may be mixed, and it is difficult to distinguish between true and false.  The easiest way is to choose the big brand, the quality is more guaranteed.
4)* Whether it is international or not
The national standard is to ensure the quality of the standard, to see whether in line with GB36972-2018 "electric bicycle lithium ion battery national standard", if the product does not have the standard to implement the standard, basically can not be considered.
5)*Look at the manufacturer's qualification
A look at the scale of capital, like lithium battery production and research and development, need to invest a lot of money to complete, registered capital in the following 100 million, are basically workshop factories, two see whether there is an official website and WeChat public number, if an enterprise even their own official website and WeChat public number, do not have to consider.

3. What is the advantages of lithium battery ?
1)* Lithium batteries are light in weight and small in size.
Lithium battery electric vehicles are currently diversified brands, in terms of power performance and lead-acid batteries, charging 6-8 hours, according to the different capacity of the battery can run 30-45 kilometers, the weight is only about 1/5 of the lead-acid battery, and the current general lithium battery protection for 2 years, lead-acid battery protection for 1 year.
2)* Lithium battery has the characteristics of non-activation.
Lithium batteries are easy to activate, as long as after three to five normal charge and discharge cycles to activate the battery and restore normal capacity.  Due to the characteristics of the lithium battery itself,

it almost has no memory effect, so the user's new lithium battery in the activation process , is no need for special methods and equipment.
3)* Memory effect of lithium battery belt.
When charging lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries , we always worry about the memory effect of the battery. However, the lithium battery of an electric bicycle does not have a memory effect, so we can rest assured to charge the battery without worrying about the charging electricity situation before the battery.
4)* Long cycle life of lithium battery.
The lithium-ion battery is charged and discharged at a rate of 1C, and its cycle life is greater than or equal to 500 times. The electric capacity of the 500th time is greater than 70% of the nominal copper beam, while the cycle life of the lead-acid battery is less than or equal to 350 times and the electric capacity is less than or equal to 60% even if the battery is discharged at 0.5 and charged at 0.15C.
5)* Wide operating temperature range.
Lithium-ion batteries for electric bicycles can operate in the range of -25 degrees to 55 degrees, with a capacity of up to 70 percent of their capacity, while lead-acid batteries can only operate in the range of 10 degrees to 40 degrees, and do not work properly at -25 degrees.
6)* Lithium battery charging time is short, green, and environmental protection.
The electric bicycle lithium-ion battery has the characteristics of high current charging, so the charging time is only 4-5 hours, and the lead acid battery needs 8-10 hours, not harmful to the environment heavy metal lead, belongs to the high environmental protection products.

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